Table 2

Endogenous and exogenous substrates for ABC transporters

Name
Endogenous substrate
Exogenous cytotoxic substance

MDR1
Estrogen glucuronide conjugates (estradiol, estriol), endorphin, glutamate, steroids (cortisol, aldosterone, corticosterone), beta-amyloid, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (generically platelet-activating factor, PAF)
Anthracyclines (doxorubucin, daunorubicin, epirubicin), actinomycin D, colchicine, podophyllotoxin (etoposide, teniposide), methotrexate (only in carrier-deficient cells), mitomycin C, mitoxantrone, taxenes (paclitaxel, docetaxel), vinca alkaloids (vincristine, vinblastine)
MRP1
Estradiol-17beta(beta-D-glucuronide) glutathione, glutathione S-conjugate leukoetriene C4, glucuronosyl bilirubin
Anthracyclines, cochicine, etoposide, heavy metals (arsenite, arsenate, antimonials), vincristine, vinblastine, paclitaxel
MRP2
Estradiol-17beta(beta-D-glucuronide), glutathione, glutathione S-conjugate Leukoetriene C4, glucuronosyl bilirubin,
Cisplatin, CPT-11, doxorubicin, etoposide, methotrexate, SN-38, vincristine, vinblastine
MRP3
S-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)glutathione
Cisplatin, doxorubicin, etoposide, methotrexate, teniopside, vincristine,
MRP4
Glucuronide and glutathione conjugates
Methotrexate, nucleotide analogs, PMEA*
MRP5
Glutamate and phosphate conjugates
Doxorubicin, methotrexate, nucleotide analogs, topotecan,
MRP6
Cyclic nucleotides (cAMP, cGMP), glutathione conjugate
Doxorubicin, etoposide, teniposide
MRP7
?
?
MRP8
17beta-estradiol-(17-beta-D-glucuronide), leukotriene C4, cyclic nucleotides
5'-Fluorouracil, 5'-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine, 5'-fluoro-5'-deoxyuridine, PMEA*
BCRP
Heme or porphyrin
Anthracyclines, bisantrene, camptothecin, epirubicin, flavopiridol, mitoxantrone, S-38, topotecan

* PMEA, 2',3'-dideoxycytidine 9'-(2'-hosphonylmethoxynyl)adenine

Choi Cancer Cell International 2005 5:30   doi:10.1186/1475-2867-5-30