Figure 2.

Activation of the proximal 5'-upstream region (-1797) of p27 gene fairly faithfully recapitulates breast cancer preventive activity of various nutritional and chemopreventive anti-cancer agents. (a) Estrogen-positive (ER) MCF 7, (b) ER-negative MDA-MB-231, and (c) ER-negative AU565 cells, transfected with -1797 p27 (p27-Kpn I), was exposed to 4-hydroxytamoxifen (258 nM), tamoxifen (269 nM), 17β-estradiol (367 nM), ICI 182 780 (165 nM), genistein (370 nM), genistin (231 nM), daidzein (393 nM), epigallocatechin-3-gallate (218 nM), epigallocatechin (326 nM), resveratrol (438 nM), curcumin (271 nM), taxifolin (329 nM), mifepristone (RU486) (233 nM), all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) (1 μM), 9-cis-retinoic acid (9cRA) (1 μM), 13-cis-retinoic acid (13cRA) (1 μM), 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) (240 nM), or dexamethasone (1 μM) for 24 hours. All assays were performed in triplicates and the transfection experiments were repeated three times.